論工業社會及其未來-41

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For many if not most people, surrogate activities are less satisfying than the pursuit of real goals (that is, goals that people would want to attain even if their need for the power process were already fulfilled). One indication of this is the fact that, in many or most cases, people who are deeply involved in surrogate activities are never satisfied, never at rest. Thus the money-maker constantly strives for more and more wealth. The scientist no sooner solves one problem than he moves on to the next. The long-distance runner drives himself to run always farther and faster. Many people who pursue surrogate activities will say that they get far more fulfillment from these activities than they do from the “mundane” business of satisfying their biological needs, but that is because in our society the effort needed to satisfy the biological needs has been reduced to triviality. More importantly, in our society people do not satisfy their biological needs AUTONOMOUSLY but by functioning as parts of an immense social machine. In contrast, people generally have a great deal of autonomy in pursuing their surrogate activities.

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對許多（甚至是大部分）人來說，替代性活動不如追求真實的目標（亦即，即使權力進程已實現人們仍然想達成的目標）令人滿足。其中一個跡象是在許多或大多情況下，深陷替代性活動的人們從不感到滿足，永不止息。因此孜孜求利的人不斷謀求更多財富。科學家才剛解決一個問題就立刻移到下一個。長跑者驅動自己跑得更遠更快。許多追求替代性活動的人會說他們從這些活動中得到比「世俗的」滿足生理需求之事更多的滿足感，但那是因為在我們的社會滿足生理需求所需之努力已成為無足輕重之事。更重要的是，在我們的社會人們並非自主地滿足生理需求，而是藉由成為一個龐大社會機器的一部分運作。相比之下，人們普遍在追求替代性活動上有很大的自主權。