Liang
Liang

論工業社會及其未來-83

83

有些人藉著認同自己成為大型組織或大規模運動的一員而部分的滿足他們對權力的需求。一個缺乏目標或權力的個體加入一個運動或組織,把運動或組織的目標當成自己的,然後朝這些目標努力。當某些目標達成了,縱使個體的努力對於達成這些目標只有無足輕重的角色,他仍然感到(通過他對這運動或組織的認同)彷彿自己歷經了權力進程。這種現象被法西斯主義者、納粹主義者和共產主義者所利用。我們的社會也利用這點,雖然不是那麼粗魯的利用。例如:曼紐諾瑞嘉是美利堅合眾國的眼中釘(目標:懲罰諾瑞嘉)。美利堅合眾國入侵巴拿馬(努力)並懲罰了諾瑞嘉(達成目標)。因此美利堅合眾國經歷了權力進程,而許多美利堅合眾國人因為對美利堅合眾國的認同而間接的體驗了權力進程。公眾因此廣泛支持入侵巴拿馬,因為此舉給了人們權力感。[15] 我們在軍隊、公司、政黨、人道主義組織、宗教或意識形態運動看到相同的現象。其中左派運動尤其傾向吸引那些找尋滿足自身對權力需求的人。但對大部分人來說對大型組織或大型運動的認同感不能完全滿足對權力的需求。

[15] 我們並非對入侵巴拿馬表達贊同或反對。我們僅以此闡明我們的觀點。

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Some people partly satisfy their need for power by identifying themselves with a powerful organization or mass movement. An individual lacking goals or power joins a movement or an organization, adopts its goals as his own, then works toward those goals. When some of the goals are attained, the individual, even though his personal efforts have played only an insignificant part in the attainment of the goals, feels (through his identification with the movement or organization) as if he had gone through the power process. This phenomenon was exploited by the fascists, nazis and communists. Our society uses it too, though less crudely. Example: Manuel Noriega was an irritant to the U.S. (goal: punish Noriega). The U.S. invaded Panama (effort) and punished Noriega (attainment of goal). Thus the U.S. went through the power process and many Americans, because of their identification with the U.S., experienced the power process vicariously. Hence the widespread public approval of the Panama invasion; it gave people a sense of power. [15] We see the same phenomenon in armies, corporations, political parties, humanitarian organizations, religious or ideological movements. In particular, leftist movements tend to attract people who are seeking to satisfy their need for power. But for most people identification with a large organization or a mass movement does not fully satisfy the need for power.

[15] We are not expressing approval or disapproval of the Panama invasion. We only use it to illustrate a point.

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