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Speeches at the 20th Academician Conference of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the 15th Academician Conference of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and the 10th National Congress of the Chinese Association for Science and Technology

On May 28, the 20th Academician Conference of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the 15th Academician Conference of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, and the 10th National Congress of the China Association for Science and Technology were held in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee, President of the State, and Chairman of the Central Military Commission attended the conference and delivered important speeches. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Li Xiang

Fellows, comrades and friends:

Today, the 20th Academician Conference of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the 15th Academician Conference of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and the 10th National Congress of the Chinese Association for Science and Technology opened grandly. This is an important moment when we are at the historical meeting point of the “two centenary” goals, starting the new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way, and discussing and advancing our country’s scientific and technological innovation and development plan.

First of all, on behalf of the Party Central Committee, I would like to extend my warm congratulations to the convening of the conference! I would like to extend my sincere condolences to the hardworking and dedicated scientific and technological workers in various positions! May 30th is the fifth National Science and Technology Workers’ Day. I extend my holiday greetings to science and technology workers across the country!

This year marks the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China. In the historical periods of revolution, construction, and reform, our party attached great importance to the cause of science and technology. From the great emphasis on the work of intellectuals during the revolutionary period, to the sounding of the clarion call of “March to Science” after the founding of New China, to the conclusion that “Science and technology is the primary productive force” in the reform and opening up; from the beginning of the new century, the in-depth implementation of knowledge innovation projects, science and education The strategy of rejuvenating the country, the strategy of strengthening the country with talents, constantly improving the national innovation system, and building an innovative country. After the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, it is proposed that innovation is the first driving force, fully implement the innovation-driven development strategy, and build a world power of science and technology. The scientific and technological cause lies in the party and the people. The career has always had a very important strategic position and played a very important strategic role.

Since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the Party Central Committee has comprehensively analyzed the international competition in science and technology innovation, studied and judged the development situation at home and abroad, and focused on the outstanding problems and challenges facing my country’s science and technology industry, insisted on placing science and technology innovation at the core of the overall development of the country, and made comprehensive plans. Technological innovation work. We adhere to the party’s overall leadership over the cause of science and technology, observe the general situation, seek the overall situation, and grasp the fundamentals, and form an efficient organization and mobilization system and a coordinated scientific and technological resource allocation model. We firmly grasp the strategic goal of building a world power in science and technology, and seize opportunities for global scientific and technological development with a sense of mission, responsibility and urgency to seize the opportunity of global scientific and technological development, and strive to be the first in the basic frontier fields. We give full play to the leading role of scientific and technological innovation, strive to achieve new breakthroughs in original innovation, achieve leapfrog development in important scientific and technological fields, promote independent control of key core technologies, and strengthen the integration of innovation chains and industrial chains. We have comprehensively deployed the reform of the scientific and technological innovation system and introduced a series of major reform measures to enhance the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system. We are committed to implementing the strategy of strengthening the country with talents, creating a good talent innovation ecological environment, gathering talents from all over the world and using them, and fully stimulating the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of the vast number of scientific and technological personnel. We expand open cooperation in the field of science and technology, actively integrate into the global science and technology innovation network, actively participate in solving major challenges facing mankind, and strive to promote the benefits of scientific and technological innovation to benefit more countries and people.

In 2016, we held the National Science and Technology Innovation Conference, the Academician Conference of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Ninth National Congress of the Chinese Association for Science and Technology. In 2018, we held the Academician Conference of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Sciences. In the past few years, under the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee and the joint efforts of the national science and technology circles and all sectors of society, my country’s scientific and technological strength has been moving from quantitative accumulation to qualitative leap, from point breakthroughs to systemic capacity improvement, and scientific and technological innovation has made new achievements. Historic achievement.

-Significant progress has been made in basic research and original innovation. The overall strength of basic research has been significantly strengthened, and the overall level of disciplines such as chemistry, materials, physics, and engineering has been significantly improved. A number of major original achievements have been made in the cutting-edge directions of quantum information, stem cells, and brain science. A number of major basic research missions were successfully organized. “Chang’e 5” realized the sampling and return of extraterrestrial celestial bodies, “Tianwen №1” started Mars exploration, and “Huairou №1” gravitational wave storm high-energy electromagnetic counterpart all-sky monitor satellite succeeded Launched, the “Eye of Wisdom” directly measured the strongest magnetic field in the universe so far. The 500-meter-caliber spherical radio telescope discovered the millisecond pulsar for the first time, the new generation of “artificial sun” discharges for the first time, and the “Xuelong 2” made its maiden voyage to the South Pole with 76 photons. The quantum computing prototype “Nine Chapters” and the 62-bit programmable superconducting quantum computing prototype “Zuchongzhi” were successfully launched. A batch of major scientific and technological infrastructures of world-class level, such as the Spallation Neutron Source, passed the inspection and acceptance.

-A new leap forward in the strategic high-tech field. Actively seize the commanding heights of science and technology in the fields of deep sea, deep space, deep ground, and deep blue. The “Haidou-1” completed the 10,000-meter sea trial, the “Struggle” successfully sat down, the Beidou satellite navigation system was fully opened, the China Space Station Tianhe core module was successfully launched, and the “Long March 5” Yaosan carrier rocket was successfully launched. The strongest deep-earth nuclear astrophysics accelerator was successfully launched. The “Shenwei·Light of Taihu Lake” supercomputer realized the first-principle calculation and simulation of tens of millions of cores in parallel for the first time, and the “Mozi” realized a thousand-kilometer-level quantum key without relay. distribution. “Tiankun” succeeded in its first trial voyage. “Guohe №1” and “Hualong №1” three-generation nuclear power technologies have made new breakthroughs.

-New breakthroughs have been made in high-end industries. The large C919 aircraft is ready for operation. The 600 kilometers per hour high-speed maglev test prototype was successfully tested and the largest diameter shield machine started smoothly. Beijing Daxing International Airport was officially put into operation, and the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge was put into operation. Intelligent manufacturing has made great progress, artificial intelligence and digital economy are booming, image recognition and speech recognition are at the forefront of the world, and 5G mobile communication technology is the first to realize large-scale applications. The development of new energy vehicles is accelerated. Consumer drones account for more than half of the global market. The continuous innovation of methanol-to-olefin technology has driven the rapid development of my country’s coal-to-olefin industry.

-Technology has played an important role in the prevention and control of the new crown pneumonia epidemic. The scientific and technological circles have provided scientific and technological and decision-making support for the party and the government to deal with the epidemic in a scientific way. Successfully isolated the world’s first new coronavirus strain, completed the sequencing of the viral genome, developed a batch of clinical treatment drugs, testing equipment and reagents, developed and applied a variety of vaccines, and science and technology are in control of infection, virus traceability, disease treatment, vaccine and drug research and development , Resumption of work and production, etc., provided strong support and fought a successful scientific and technological battle against the epidemic.

-Significant results have been achieved in the field of people’s livelihood science and technology. Significant progress has been made in the localization of high-end medical equipment such as medical heavy ion accelerators, magnetic resonance, color Doppler ultrasound, and CT. The use of scientific and technological means to build a new model of targeted poverty alleviation, cultivating scientific and technological industries and cultivating scientific and technological talents for poverty-stricken areas, technology has played an important role in winning the battle against poverty. The promotion and application of a number of key technologies such as clean and efficient combustion of coal and ultra-low emission control of multiple pollutants from iron and steel have promoted the improvement of air quality.

— — Major achievements have been made in national defense scientific and technological innovation. National defense technology strongly supports the research and development of major weapons and equipment, the first domestically-made aircraft carrier was launched, and the fifth-generation fighter jet F-20 officially entered service. The Dongfeng-17 ballistic missile was successfully developed, and our country is at the forefront of hypersonic weapons.

Practice has proved that my country’s independent innovation career is promising! The vast number of scientific and technological workers in our country have done a lot! The vast number of scientific and technological workers in my country must use the spirit of advancing with the times, the courage to innovate, and the perseverance to face the frontiers of world science and technology, the main economic battlefield, the major needs of the country, and the health of the people, grasp the general trend, and take the lead. Opportunity, face the problem, face the difficulties, shoulder the heavy responsibility given by the times, and strive to achieve high-level technological independence and self-reliance!

Fellows, comrades, friends!

The world’s major changes unseen in a century are accelerating the evolution, the international environment is complicated, the world economy is in a downturn, the global industrial supply chain is facing reshaping, and the instability and uncertainty have increased significantly. The impact of the new crown pneumonia epidemic is widespread and far-reaching, with undercurrents of anti-globalization, unilateralism, and protectionism. Technological innovation has become the main battlefield in the international strategic game, and competition around the commanding heights of science and technology is unprecedentedly fierce. We must maintain a strong sense of worry and be fully prepared for thinking and work.

At present, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation are advancing by leaps and bounds. The paradigm of scientific research is undergoing profound changes, the integration of disciplines continues to develop, and the penetration and integration of science and technology and economic and social development are accelerating. The breadth of scientific and technological innovation has increased significantly. The macroscopic world, from the movement of celestial bodies, the evolution of galaxies, and the origin of the universe, to the microcosm from gene editing, particle structure, and quantum control, are all at the forefront of technological development in the world today. The depth of scientific and technological innovation has increased significantly, and deep-space exploration has become the commanding height of technological competition. Deep-sea and deep exploration have continuously expanded new horizons for humans to understand nature. The speed of scientific and technological innovation has accelerated significantly. The rapid development of emerging technologies represented by information technology and artificial intelligence has greatly expanded the scope of time, space and people’s cognition. Mankind is entering an era of intelligent interconnection of all things with the ternary integration of “human, machine and things”. The rapid development of basic research and applied research in biological sciences. The precision of scientific and technological innovation has been significantly strengthened, and the research on biological macromolecules and genes has entered the stage of precise regulation. From understanding life and transforming life to synthetic life and designing life, it not only brings well-being to mankind, but also brings bioethical challenges.

After years of hard work, the overall level of my country’s science and technology has been greatly improved. We have the foundation, confidence, confidence, and ability to seize the opportunities of the new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, take advantage of the trend, and expand our ambitions. At the same time, we must also realize that my country’s original innovation capability is not strong yet, the overall effectiveness of the innovation system is not high, the integration of scientific and technological innovation resources is not enough, the distribution of scientific and technological innovation forces needs to be optimized, the efficiency of scientific and technological input and output is low, and the structure of the scientific and technological talent team remains to be Optimization, the scientific and technological evaluation system does not meet the requirements of scientific and technological development, and the scientific and technological ecology needs to be further improved. Many of these problems are long-standing difficulties and need to continue to work hard to solve them.

The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China established the strategic goal of becoming the top innovation-oriented country by 2035. The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China put forward the core position of persisting in innovation in the overall modernization construction of my country, and taking scientific and technological self-reliance and self-reliance as a national development strategy. support. Based on the new development stage, implementing the new development concept, building a new development pattern, and promoting high-quality development, it is necessary to deeply implement the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, the strategy of strengthening the country with talents, and the strategy of innovation-driven development, improve the national innovation system, accelerate the construction of a science and technology power, and achieve high-level science and technology Self-reliance.

First, strengthen original and leading scientific and technological research, and resolutely win the key core technology battle. Science and technology stand for the nation, and science and technology are strong for the country. Enhancing basic research is an inevitable requirement for technological self-reliance and our inevitable choice from unknown to known, from uncertainty to certainty. It is necessary to speed up the formulation of a ten-year action plan for basic research. Basic research must be brave to explore, highlight originality, advance the exploration and discovery of the evolution of the universe, the essence of consciousness, material structure, and the origin of life, expand the boundaries of understanding nature, and open up new cognitive boundaries. Basic research must use traction to break through bottlenecks, condense scientific issues from the actual problems facing economic and social development and national security, and get through the basic theories and technical principles of “stuck neck” technology. It is necessary to increase financial investment in basic research, optimize the expenditure structure, implement tax incentives for corporate basic research investment, and encourage the society to invest in multiple channels through donations and fund establishments, so as to form a sustained and stable investment mechanism.

In scientific and technological research, we must adhere to the problem-oriented approach, and go to the most urgent and pressing problems. Starting from the urgent and long-term needs of the country, we must make every effort to tackle key core technologies in oil and gas, basic raw materials, high-end chips, industrial software, crop seeds, scientific test equipment, chemical preparations, etc., and accelerate breakthroughs in a batch of medicines and medical treatments. Key core technologies in the fields of equipment, medical equipment, vaccines, etc. It is necessary to target frontier fields such as artificial intelligence, quantum information, integrated circuits, advanced manufacturing, life and health, brain science, biological breeding, aerospace science and technology, and deep seas in the basic core areas related to the development of the overall situation and national security, and make forward-looking deployments. Approve strategic and reserve technology research and development projects, aiming at the commanding heights of future technology and industrial development. To optimize financial investment in science and technology, focus on investing in strategic and key areas.

The key to the integration of the innovation chain and industry chain is to establish the status of the enterprise as the mainstay of innovation. It is necessary to strengthen the motivation of enterprise innovation, positively encourage enterprise innovation, and conversely force enterprise innovation. It is necessary to give full play to the role of corporate issuers, promote the coordination of key projects and the integration of R&D activities, accelerate the construction of an innovation consortium led by leading enterprises, supported by universities and institutes, and collaboration among innovation entities, develop an efficient and powerful common technology supply system, and improve technology Achievement transfer and transformation effect.

Modern engineering and technological science are indispensable bridges between scientific principles and industrial development and engineering research and development, and they play a key role in the modern science and technology system. It is necessary to vigorously strengthen the multi-disciplinary integration of modern engineering and technological scientific research, promote the development of basic science and engineering technology, and form a complete modern scientific and technological system.

Second, to strengthen the national strategic scientific and technological strength and enhance the overall effectiveness of the national innovation system. The world’s scientific and technological powers compete with national strategic scientific and technological forces. National laboratories, national scientific research institutions, high-level research universities, and leading technology companies are all important components of the country’s strategic scientific and technological strength, and they must consciously fulfill the mission of high-level scientific and technological self-reliance.

National laboratories must follow the requirements of the “Four Faces”, closely follow the general trend of the world’s scientific and technological development, adapt to the mission and tasks of my country’s development for scientific and technological development, produce more strategic and key scientific and technological achievements, and integrate with the national key laboratories. Form a national laboratory system with Chinese characteristics.

National scientific research institutions should be guided by national strategic needs, focus on solving major scientific and technological issues that affect the overall development and long-term interests of the country, accelerate the construction of original innovation sources, and accelerate breakthroughs in key core technologies.

High-level research universities should better integrate the development of the primary productivity of science and technology, the cultivation of the primary resources of talents, and the enhancement of the primary driving force for innovation, and give play to the advantages of profound basic research and interdisciplinary integration to become the main force of basic research and major technological breakthroughs. The new force. It is necessary to strengthen the connection between the construction of research-oriented universities and national strategic goals and strategic tasks, strengthen basic frontier exploration and key technological breakthroughs, and strive to build a disciplinary system, academic system, and discourse system with Chinese characteristics, Chinese style, and Chinese style, in order to cultivate more outstanding Talents make contributions.

Leading technology companies must give full play to the advantages of market demand, integrated innovation, and organizational platform to open up a channel from a strong technology to a strong enterprise, a strong industry, and a strong economy. It is necessary to take the lead of the enterprise to integrate and gather innovation resources, form a cross-field, large-scale collaboration, and high-intensity innovation base, carry out industrial common key technology research and development, scientific and technological achievements transformation and industrialization, scientific and technological resource sharing services, and promote key areas of projects, bases, and talents , The integrated allocation of funds, to enhance my country’s industrial basic capabilities and the modernization level of the industrial chain.

All regions should base themselves on their own advantages, combine the needs of industrial development, and make scientific and reasonable arrangements for technological innovation. It is necessary to support the construction of comprehensive national science centers or regional science and technology innovation centers in places where conditions permit, so as to make them a gathering place for technological innovation in the world’s frontier fields of science, emerging industries, and global technological innovation.

Third, advance the reform of the science and technology system and form a basic system that supports comprehensive innovation. It is necessary to improve the new nationwide system under the conditions of the socialist market economy, give full play to the country’s role as a major scientific and technological innovation organizer, and support long periods, high risks, and high difficulties.

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